INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COCOA RESEARCH 2017
PROCEEDINGS
ACTES
ACTAS
INTRODUCTION
Thematic 1: Genetics and Breeding
Thematic 2: Agronomy and cropping systems
Thematic 3: Pest and Diseases
Thematic 4: Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
Thematic 5: Quality, flavor/sensory evaluation and post-harvest
Thematic 6: Cadmium contaminant and food safety
Thematic 7: Marketing, socio-economics, technology transfer and adoption
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
The first edition of the International Symposium on Cocoa Research (ISCR 2017) was jointly organized by the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) and the Government of Peru from 13 – 17 November 2017 at Swissôtel Hotel, Lima, Peru.
The objective of the symposium was to provide a platform for the cocoa community and scientists involved in cocoa research to brainstorm on the latest findings in research and foster greater research collaboration among researchers, as well to agree on priorities for collective action.
The general theme of the ISCR 2017 was “Promoting Advances in Research to Enhance the Profitability of Cocoa Farming”. In addition, the symposium focused on seven thematic areas as follows:
Thematic Area 1 (T1) – Genetics and breeding
Thematic Area 2 (T2) – Cocoa agronomy and cropping systems
Thematic Area 3 (T3) – Pests and diseases
Thematic Area 4 (T4) – Climate change adaptation and mitigation
Thematic Area 5 (T5) – Quality, flavor/sensory evaluation and post-harvest
Thematic Area 6 (T6) – Cadmium contaminant and food safety
Thematic Area 7 (T7) – Marketing, socio-economics, technology transfer and adoption
All research papers presented at the Symposium were reviewed and evaluated by a Scientific Committee composed of the following members.
| S/N | Name | Organization / Institution |
| 1 | Ms Brigitte Laliberté (Chairperson) | Bioversity International, Rome, Italy |
| 2 | Dr Martin Gilmour | Mars Global Chocolate, UK |
| 3 | Dr Franklin Manu Amoah | Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG), Ghana |
| 4 | Professor Paul Hadley | University of Reading, UK |
| 5 | Dr Verina Ingram | Wageningen University, The Netherlands |
| 6 | Dr Soetanto Abdoellah | Indonesian Cocoa and Coffee Research Institute
(ICCRI), Indonesia |
| 7 | Dr Wilbert Phillips-Mora | The Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Costa Rica |
| 8 | Dr Nanga Coulibaly | Conseil Café Cacao, Côte d’Ivoire |
| 9 | Dr Christian Cilas | Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), France |
| 10 | Professor Path Umaharan | University of West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago |
| 11 | Professor David Guest | The University of Sydney, Australia |
| 12 | Dr Michelle End | Cocoa Research Association (CRA), UK |
| 13 | Dr Elizabeth Johnson | Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), Jamaica |
| 14 | Dr Siela Maximova | The Pennsylvania State University, USA |
| 15 | Dr Carlos Leyva | El Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria (SENASA), Peru |
Additional information on the Symposium can be found in the dedicated section of the ICCO website here.
The list of participants to the Symposium can be accessed via the following link: List of participants ISCR 2017.
Welcome Addresses and Speeches
Senor Jose Manuel Hernandez, Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation of Peru
Senor Jaime Salomon Salomon, Vice Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation
Senor Juan Jose Marcelo Risi Carbone, Secretary General, Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation
Dr Jean-Marc Anga, Executive Director of the ICCO ( Opening Speechand Closing Speech)
Eng. Jorge Amaya Castillo, Director General, Ministry of Agriculture, and Chairman of the Local Organizing Committee for the ISCR 2017
Full Papers and Keynote Presentations
The full papers of the research results presented at ISCR 2017 can be found below. The papers are grouped by thematic areas. Click on the title of the paper to open the full document.
DISCLAIMER: The views expressed in the scientific papers, articles and presentations in these proceedings are that of the authors alone and not those of the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO).
Thematic 1: Genetics and Breeding
1. The future of cacao research: systems science in support of cacao farmers (Keynote presentation) – Mark Guiltinan
2. Exploration of the T. Cacao genome sequence to decipher the incompatibility system of Theobroma cacao and to identify diagnostic markers (Keynote presentation) – Claire Lanaud et al.
3. DNA profiling of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) varieties in the Philippines using microsatellite marker – R. R.C. Espino et al.
4. Potential of recurrent selection for developing improved cocoa varieties in Ghana – F.K. Padi et al.
5. Mejoramiento genético de cacao en Colombia a través de selección varietal participativa – Nubia Martínez Guerrero et al.
6. Caracterización morfoagronómica y molecular de la colección de cacao de la federación nacional de cacaoteros de Colombia – Nubia Martínez Guerrero et al.
7. Identification of a core SNP panel for cacao identity and population analyses – A. Mahabir et al.
8. Candidate SSR tags for fruit and seed traits of Theobroma cacao L. In the International Cocoa Genebank Trinidad – L.A. Motilal et al.
9. Assesing genetic diversity of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) nativo Chuncho in la Convención, Cusco-Perú –W.H. Céspedes-Del Pozo et al.
10. Clasificación intraespecífica de 14 árboles híbridos seleccionados de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) mediante análisis de conglomerados en Tulumayo – P.V. García y L.F. García
11. Assessment of genetic quality of cacao seed gardens output using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) markers – Pokou N. Desire et al.
12. Genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild cacao collected in the oriente using single nucleotide polymorphisms – A. A. Sankar et al.
13. Characterization biosystems and reproductive biology of Theobroma cacao L. In Puyango Tumbes binational basin –B. C. Garcia & F. E Alcocer
14. Comparative assessment of agronomical performances of six commercial cocoa varieties in on farm progeny trials in Cameroon – O. Sounigo et al.
15. Assessing the impact of self-incompatibility on cocoa trees in Cameroon – Sounigo Olivier et al.
16. Fitosanitización como estrategia principal de manejo integrado de enfermedades en cacao en el Perú: tres décadas y media de estudios de epidemiologia y eficiencia de control – Rolando A. Ríos-Ruiz et al.
17. Download File– R.Laura et al.
18. Caracterisation morphologique et moléculaire de variétes de cacaoyer cultivées dans le département de la grand ’anse à Haïti – M. Boccara et al.
19. The effect of pruning on photosynthetic rate of cacao trees in a novel cropping system – R.A.Susanti et al.
20. The genomic selection of Theobroma cacao: a new strategy of marker assisted selection to improve breeding efficiency and predict useful traits in new populations– F. Ribeyre et al.
21. Le phénotypage du cacaoyer : comment estimer la granulométrie des fèves de cacao ?– F. Doare et al.
22. Adopting reference genotypes to identify off-types in cacao collections - The impacts of climate change variables on vegetative and reproductive development of six genotypes of cacao – F. Lahive et al.
23. Cacao genetic resources: policy options for enhanced exchange and benefit-sharing – Brigitte Laliberte and Michael Halewood
24. Second cycle de sélection récurrente du cacaoyer (Theobroma cacao L.) en Côte d’Ivoire : paramêtres génètiques chez les deux populations constitutives après treize années d’observation – G. M. Tahi et al.
25. Desarrollo de nichos específicos de cacao con alta productividad y calidad sensorial: experiencia ecuatoriana – R.G. Loor et al.
26. Understanding the genetic structure and parentage of the clonal series of cacao UF, CC, PMCT and ARF preserved in the international cacao collection at CATIE (IC3) – A. Mata-Quirós et al.
27. Avances en el estudio de las bases genéticas y organolépticas del cacao fino o de aroma en el Perú– J.A. Chia-Wong et al.
28. Identificación de árboles de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) con potencial para el mejoramiento de los sistemas de producción en el sur de la Amazonía ecuatoriana – D. Calderón et al.
29. Assessment of variability and stability of pod productivity in cocoa hybrids after a decade of pod production in Nigeria – Adewale, B. et al.
Thematic 2: Agronomy and cropping systems
30. Agronomic challenges for productive and sustainable cocoa production: taking stock and perspectives (Keynote presentation) – Philippe Bastide, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), France
31. Tree management in monocultures and agroforestry systems affect microclimatic growing conditions and fine-root growth (Keynote presentation) – Wiebke Niether, University of Gottingen, Germany
32. Media type and compost mixtures effect on growth and nutrient uptake of cocoa seedling at the nursery in Ghana – A. K. Quaye et al.
33. Construcción del modelo MNC (MUPV) V1 para la nutrición del cacao – R. Ramírez-Pisco et al.
34. A possible role of potassium in mediating cacao seedling responses to soil water stress – E. Djan et al.
35. Mapping cocoa productivity in Ghana, Indonesia and Côte d’Ivoire – A.J. Daymond et al.
36.La poda y la producción de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)– E.E, Gutierrez et al.
37. Agronomic implication of the competitive adsorption between NH4+ and K+ in a selected cocoa growing soil in Nigeria – Aikpokpodion Paul E
38. La sostenibilidad del cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y la respiraciòn del suelo en Colombia – A. Marín et al.
39. Acumulación y extracción de nutrientes en el cultivo del cacao (Theobroma Cacao l.) – E.I. Leiva- Rojas, R. Ramírez- Pisco et al.
40. Dinámica estomática en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) – C. Hernández et al.
41. Fenología en fase vegetativa del cacao una aproximación para el manejo inteligente del cultivo – Edwin Antonio Gutiérrez Rodríguez et al.
42. Evaluation of cacao in fruit tree species’ shade system in Ghana – M. O. Opoku-Agyeman et al.
43. Assessment of soil fertility status of cocoa farms around the Ankasa national park in the Jomoro district of the western region of Ghana – Arthur, A.A. et al.
44. Using integrated plant nutrient management strategy for sustainable and competitive cocoa production in Ghana – A. A. Afrifa et al.
45. Diversity of cocoa pollinators in Cameroon – Bagny Beilhe Leïla et al.
46. Caracterización de la comunidad microbiana cultivable presente en suelos cacaoteros en una zona productora de Colombia, como contribución al manejo de la fertilidad del suelo – H. A. Cordoba et al.
47. L'hétérogenéite de production entre cacaoyers en Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale : réflexions sur des voies d'intensification de la culture cacaoyère africaine – T. Wibaux et al.
48. Business sustainability & improved soil and water management practices in cocoa production systems– L. T. Phelan
49. Selección de genotipos y/o accesiones de cacao silvestres y domesticados tolerantes a la acidez del suelo en el Perú – Arévalo-Gardini et al.
50. Traditional cacao agroforestry in central africa can provide both respectable yields and levels of ecosystem services – S. Saj & P. Jagoret
51. Comparing productivity and profitability of agroforests and monocultures in Bolivia – L. Armengot et al.
52. Influence de la pollinisation sur le remplissage des cabosses du cacaoyer- influence of pollination on the number of beans per cacao pod – F. Ribeyre et al.
53. Conservacion de la viabilidad de la semilla de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) mediante deshidratacion y conservacion en frio – L.F. García et al.
54. How habitat heterogeneity affects pollinator’s communities in cocoa-based agroforestry systems? – O. Deheuvels et al.
55. Participatory design of sustainable cocoa-based agroforestry systems – a methodological approach in the Dominican Republic – M. Notaro et al.
56. Modifying micro-environmental growing conditions for the cacao tree by shade tree pruning – W. Niether et al.
57. Importancia de la hojarasca en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) – M. K. Mera et al.
58. Establecimiento de un ensayo en sistemas agroforestales de cacao con diferentes niveles de manejo en la amazonía ecuatoriana – C. Subía et al.
59. Dinámica hídrica del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) – E.I. Leiva-Rojas et al.
60. Cocoa vegetative propagation in Nigeria: a search for other suitable rootstock clones – Adewale, B. et al.
61. Influence of agroforestry systems with cacao on soil properties (physical, chemical and microbiological) in Peruvian Amazon – Enrique Arévalo-Gardini et al.
62. Poda coronal en el manejo integrado de la moniliasis en cacao criollo – I. Cortes
Thematic 3: Pests and Diseases
63. A review on the effect of climate change on cacao pests and diseases (Keynote presentation) – Julie Flood, Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI), UK
64. Estructura poblacional y dinámica espacial y temporal de la monilia en diferentes ambientes – Y. Jaimes et al.
65. Reassessment of the temporal distribution and damage of Bathycoelia thalassina (Herrich-Schaeffer) on cocoa in Ghana – G. K. Awudzi et al.
66. Variable detection of cacao swollen shoots disease-associated badnaviruses by PCR amplification – G.A. Ameyaw et al.
67. Rat and squirrel management using wire mesh trap in cocoa area at CRDC Tawau and Madai Sabah Malaysia – Meriam M.Y
68. Safe movement of cocoa germplasm – A.J. Daymond et al.
69. Estado fitosanitario en la producción de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en la región de Huánuco (Perú): incremento del impacto de Carmenta foraseminis Eichlin – O.E. Cabezas et al.
70. and Sahlbergella singularis Hagl.) “]– R. Adu-Acheampong et al.
71. Trichoderma asperellum PR11 soil treatments for phytophthora megakarya control – Ten Hoopen et al.
72. On the use of mathematical modelling to study the impact of phytosanitation on cocoa black pod disease caused by phytophthora megakarya – C. Nembot et al.
73. Molecular genomic diversity of previously undescribed cacao swollen shoot badnaviruses in Nigeria– L. Dongo et al.
74. Selección de genotipos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) de alto rendimiento y con tolerancia a las principales enfermedades que afectan al cultivo en Ecuador – Ignacio Sotomayor Cantos et al.
75. A next generation sequencing approach to elucidate CSSV species profiles – Emmanuelle Muller et al.
76. Impact of climate change on timing and frequency of fungicide application for the control of phytophthora pod rot of cacao in Nigeria – Agbeniyi S.O. et al.
77. Fitosanitización como estrategia principal de manejo integrado de enfermedades en cacao en el Perú: tres décadas y media de estudios de epidemiologia y eficiencia de control – Rolando A. Ríos-Ruiz
78. Combining field epidemiological information and genetic diversity to understand phytophthora megakarya dispersion in young cocoa plantations in Cameroon – Ndoungué Djeumekop M. M et al.
79. Comportamiento de los clones de cacao de la colección del ICT frente a Moniliophthora roreri en Tarapoto, Peru – Enrique Arévalo-Gardini et al.
80. Rapid and cost effective ‘on-site’ detection of cacao swollen-shoot virus (CSSV) – JM.Barnett et al.
81. Monitoring pest and diseases under different production systems in a long-term trial in Bolivia – L. Armengot et al.
82. La chenille Achaea catocaloides Guenee (Lepidoptera ; Erebidae), une nouvelle menace pour la cacaoculture en Côte d’Ivoire – W. P. N’Guessan et al.
83. Generation of cacao clones with durable resistant against frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri (cif. & par.) Evans et al.) – W. Phillips-Mora et al.
84. Effects of microclimatic variables on the onset of symptoms and signs of Moniliophthora roreri for three cacao clones in a range of incomplete resistance – M.E. Leandro-Muñoz et al.
Thematic 4: Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
85. Overview of advances in cacao and climate change research and future perspectives (Keynote presentation) Overview of advances in cacao and climate change research and future perspectives (Keynote presentation) – Paul Hadley University of Reading (UOR), UK
86. Overview of advances in cacao and climate change research and future perspectives (Keynote presentation) – Justina O. Lawal et al.
87. Impact of drought on morphological, physiological and nutrient use efficiency of elite cacao genotypes from Bahia-Brazil, Tarapoto-Peru and Puerto Rico-USA – V. C. Baligar et al.
88. Climate variability, deforestation and cocoa production shifts in Ghana. a threat or a source of innovation? – F. Ruf
89. Crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo del cacao en bosque húmedo premontano (BH-PM) y bosque húmedo tropical (BH-T) influenciado por el fenómeno del niño – I.C. Urueta et al.
90. Global climate change impacts on cocoa – Christian Bunn et al.
91. The impacts of climate change variables on vegetative and reproductive development of six genotypes of cacao – F. Lahive et al.
92. Exploring cacao genetic diversity for resilience to climate change – validating or contradicting current predictive models of production suitability – V. Medina et al.
93. Reciprocal effects of soil moisture dynamics and land-use systems with cacao in alto Beni, Bolivia – W. Niether et al.
94. Evaluación de los requerimientos hídricos actuales y futuros, bajo escenarios de cambio climático en cultivos de cacao en el municipio de Nilo, Cundinamarca. Colombia - P. Bermeo et al.
95. Fertiriego en el cultivo de cacao alternativa de mitigacion ante el cambio climatico para la region Ucayali – A. Camacho et al.
Thematic 5: Quality, flavour / sensory evaluation and post-harvest
96. Elements of a harmonized international standard for cocoa flavour assessment and evidence of evidence for applying the concept of “terroir” in cocoa flavour and quality attributes (Keynote presentation) – Darin Sukha, University of The West Indies (UWI), Trinidad And Tobago
97. A preliminary investigation into the effect of variety on the chemical composition of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) pulp – R.K. Kalloo et al.
98. Advances on genetical and naturally induced variations for fine flavors and aromas in Theobroma cacao – A.B. Eskes et al.
99. Adaptation du processus de fermentation aux contraintes locales. Application au cacao du Sambirano de Madagascar – F. Davrieux et al.
100. Comparison of the drying behavior of fermented cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) beans dried in a cocoa house, greenhouse and mechanical oven – Saheeda Mujaffar et al.
101. Sensing cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) beans fermentation by electronic nose system – Juzhong Tan et al.
102. The impact of pollen donor on flavor in cocoa – Darin A. Sukha et al.
103. Evidence for applying the concept of “terroir” in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) flavour and quality attributes – Darin A. Sukha et al.
104. Desarrollo e implementación de un prototipo de acero inoxidable para evaluar el proceso de fermentación de granos de cacao – W. Ipanaqué et al.
105. Desarrollo e implementación de un software utilizando sistemas embebidos para el proceso de fermentación de cacao y su monitoreo remoto a través de web – W. Ipanaqué et al.
106. Aislamiento e identificacion de microorganismos presentes durante el proceso de fermentacion de Theobroma cacao L., variedad Chuncho del Cuzco – L.G. Salazar et al.
107. Quality profile of Peruvian dark chocolate: a preliminary approach – R.A. Mejía, Ruiz et al.
108.Two molecules newly identified by mass spectrometry in fermented cocoa beans impact chocolate sensory quality – Noémie Fayeulle et al.
109. Fermentation progression and quality attributes of Trinitario and Refractario cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) hybrid groups at the international cocoa genebank trinidad (ICGT) – opportunities for genetic branding – N.A. Ali et al.
110. Celebrating high quality cocoa production and diversity of flavours around the world – key lessons learnt from 6 editions since its creation in 2009 – B. Laliberté et al.
111. The use of chloroplast markers for the traceability of certified sustainably produced cacao (Theobroma cacao) in the chocolate industry – P. Lafargue Molina et al.
112. Chemical study and antioxidant activity of Piura´s white cocoa – J. Blancas et al.
113. Sensory and GC-O analyses of cocoa and chocolate along the cocoa production chain – S. Nottelmann et al.
114.Physiological response in beans of three cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivars to micro-environmental growing conditions in cacao agroforestry systems and monocultures under conventional and organic management – W. Niether et al.
115. Creando sistemas prácticos e inclusivos para el análisis sensorial del cacao – J. Baumgartner et al.
116. Colecta y estudio de las caracteristicas morfologicas y organolepticas en fruta fresca y licor de arboles de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) con atributos de poseer caracteristicas de fino y de aroma – R.P. Saavedra-Arbildo et al.
117. Chemical-nutritional profile and antioxidant activity of the couverture chocolate of the Peruvian chocolate factory la Ibérica – G. Bobadilla et al.
118. New resistant cocoa selections from Costa Rica have fine aroma potential – E. Hegmann et al.
119. Optimization of the cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) fermentation – the impact of a pre-fermentation beans exposure on fermentation time and final flavor – B. Bimont et al.
120. Cacao fino y de aroma: una alternativa para la agroexportacion – V. Vargas y M. Vásquez
Thematic 6: Cadmium contaminant and food safety
121. Mitigation of cadmium bioaccumulation in cacao through soil remediation (Keynote presentation)– Gideon Ramtahal, The University of The West Indies, Trinidad And Tobago
122. Health risk assessment of selected heavy metals in some imported chocolates sold in southwestern, Nigeria – Aikpokpodion Paul E. and Asowata F.E
123. Niveles de cadmio en el chocolate: NM y ECA, sí; OTC, no. – Santiago Pastor Soplin
124. Efecto del tratamiento con 3 cepas de streptomicetos en la acumulación de cadmio en plantas de Theobroma cacao L –A.G. Revoredo, J. Hurtado
125. Download File – J. Crozier et al.
126.Metales pesados en suelos, hojas y granos de zonas cacaoteras del Peru – Arévalo-Hernández et al.
127. Acumulación de cadmio en seis genotipos de cacao utilizados como patrón – Chupillon-Cubas et al.
128. Microorganismos cultivables asociados a cadmio (CD) presentes en suelos cacaoteros de los municipios de Yacopí y Nilo, como estrategia de biorremediación – J. Cáceres, E. Torres
Thematic 7: Marketing, socio-economics, technology transfer and adoption
129. From labour demand to business prospects for rural youth a study in the Fanteakwa district of Ghana (Keynote presentation) – F. Amon-Armah et al
130. Shocks and factors influencing welfare among cocoa farming households in cross-rivers state, Nigeria – Lawal, J.O. et al.
131.Factors influencing the use of labour saving technologies on cocoa farms in Nigeria – Lawal, J.O. et al
132. Commitments vs flexibility regarding take-up of pension savings accounts: a randomised control trial on cocoa farmers in Ghana – D. Kos; R. B. W. Lensink
133.State of Pará, Brazil: an option for the global supply of cocoa – F.A.T. Mendes
134.The impacts of cocoa sustainability initiatives in West Africa – Verina Ingram et al.
135. Farmers’ knowledge and utilization of CRIG recommended technologies and perceptions of government policies to enhance cocoa productivity – M. Asamoah et al.
136.A typology of young cocoa farmers in Ghana - attitudes, motivation and aspirations – F. Amon-Armah et al.
137.Analysis of cocoa beans processing and quality in post-harvest in South East Sulawesi in Indonesia – Schaad, N. and Fromm, I
138.Análisis de factibilidad técnica-económica para la obtención de pulpa congelada de cacao empleando un sistema de colecta semiautomático: caso de estudio “cooperativa agroindustrial y de servicios” – D. Luján, M. Solís
139. Instituto de Cultivos Tropicales-ICT, technological advances and effective solutions to increase cocoa productivity and minimize the impact of climate change in Peru – Enrique Arévalo-Gardini
140. Scaling pathways for a climate smart cocoa sector – Christian Bunn et al.
141. The INCOCOA website and virtual library improving information sharing within the cocoa research community – M.J. End and C.J. Turnbull
142.Development of a decision support framework for the rehabilitation and sustainable intensification of cocoa production on small holder farms – Nicholas Cryer et al.
143.Towards a living income calculation for cocoa households in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire – F. Hütz-Adams et al.
144.Cocoanext - the nexus of stakeholders for cocoa research dissemination and sharing – A. A. Sankar and P. Umaharan
145. The importance of cocoa in a diversified farm – A. Laven et al.
146.Intensification of cocoa in the Peruvian amazon: gender relations and options for deeper engagement by women – Trent Blare, Jason Donovan
147.Turning the chocolate business upside down! case story of a Swiss chocolate company co-owned by Peruvian farmers – N. Porchet, C. Nordmann, M.Castillo
148. Análisis de la adopción de tecnología de producción de cacao en Nilo y Yacopí (Cundinamarca – Colombia) – J. C. Barrientos, W. A. Gómez G
149.Direct partnership on cocoa processing in Papua island, Indonesia for improving farmers’ access to Japan market – Diany Faila Sophia Hartatri and Hendy Firmanto
150.Determinantes de la productividad en pequeños productores de cacao de las regiones de San Martín, Huánuco y Ucayali (SM/H/U): una aproximación exploratoria al modelo tecnológico de productividad en estas regiones – J. Alvarado, J. Iturrios
151.Design and implementation of a global collaborative framework on cacao genetic resources: incentives, constraints and institutional structures – Selim Louafi et al.
153.Constraints to youth involvement in cocoa production in Nigeria – O. O. Oduwole et al.
CONCLUSIONS
The International Symposium on Cocoa Research (ISCR 2017) attracted over 500 participants from 37 countries and institutions. It registered 90 scientific presentations and 100 poster exhibitions covering several topics of relevance to the global cocoa sector. Over 5 days, experts from various scientific fields exchanged views on the progress achieved in cocoa research.
The symposium agreed on a set of key recommendations to accelerate the pace of development in the global cocoa sector, in particular as relevant to cocoa research. Climate change adaptation and mitigation, food safety and Cadmium in particular were identified as major growing concerns for the cocoa sector that needed to be addressed urgently.
The symposium emphasized the need to have more innovative platforms to better share information on cocoa research and to make results of that research easily accessible to all cocoa stakeholders, particularly cocoa farmers who should be the main focus and recipients of the said results. The detailed recommendations can be found via the following link: Report of the Scientific Committee ISCR 2017.
The ICCO Secretariat expresses its sincere gratitude to the Government of Peru for hosting the symposium and to Mars Chocolate UK Limited and Cocoa Research (UK) for their generous financial support that has contributed immensely to the success of the symposium. It thanks, in particular, the scientists, government officials, company representatives and other participants for their active contributions.
We all look forward to the next edition of the symposium at a date and place to be announced.
The most interactive edition ever of the World Cocoa Conference, the fourth in the ICCO’s series, was held at the Maritim Berlin Hotel in the German capital in late April, attracting about 1,500 attendees from 65 countries.
Conference delegates were welcomed to Berlin by Senator Dr. Dirk Behrendt, and the official Welcome Address was given by German Federal Minister of Food and Agriculture, H.E. Ms. Julia Klöckner. The opening session of the Conference also heard from youngsters from the German-based anti-child labour lobby group Schokofair.
He introduced the moderators who would guide the tracks, consisting of ‘deep dives’ into possible solutions for the sector: Simran Sethi, journalist and Fellow of the Institute for Food and Development Policy, who led the Production track; Committee on Sustainability Assessment President Daniele Giovannicci, who took the helmfor the Industry track; Dr. Torben Erbrath, Director of the Association for the German Confectionery Industry, leading the Consumption track, and Lucas Simons himself who led the Management track.
The four breakout sessions of the second day of the Conference included a series of short and in-depth presentation ‘bursts’, before the members of the audience were invited to discuss, comment and make proposals on what they had heard. Led by the track moderators, the audience inputs were compiled at the end of the day to feed their ideas into the Berlin Declaration, the document that came out of the Conference aimed at showing a way forward for the sector.
It was then time for the audience to consider the draft of the Berlin Declaration, to which each of them had contributed via the discussions and the ongoing Twitter wall and other social media channels. The statement was then amended to take in many of the comments and suggestions that came in, making its content the most wide-ranging and representative position on the world cocoa sector yet produced by the WCC or the ICCO. 
The Women in Cocoa and Chocolate event, co-organized with NGO Solidaridad and sponsored by Mondelēz International brought together speakers from civil society, industry and farmers themselves, for an evening of interactive discussion, food, drink, music and dance that was much appreciated by all those who attended and underlined not only the role of women in cocoa but also how increasing their inclusion is even more crucial with the challenges that the sector now has to face.
MONDAY 23 APRIL 2018
10:50 Keynote Presentation
14.00 Out-of-the box perspective on the Global Cocoa Agenda
14:50 Panel discussion: Sustainable Industry
: Addressing deforestation in the cocoa supply chain
16:20 Panel discussion: New vision for a sustainable cocoa sector from across the value chain
TUESDAY 24 APRIL 2018
10:30 Morning Cocoa Break
12:30 Lunch
How can we eliminate the worst forms of child labour in cocoa-producing countries?
How can we create commercially-oriented and professional farmer-based organizations? How can we reach unorganized farmers and avoid the low-hanging fruit syndrome?
12:30 Lunch
What are the opportunities in diversification and the alternative methods to generate additional income (a business case approach)?
10:30 Morning Cocoa Break
What is the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures on the cocoa supply chain?
Financial service providers in cocoa: What are the latest tools available to assist cocoa farmers and their governments?
How do we optimize farmer protection (safety net)?
Afternoon Cocoa Break
WEDNESDAY 25 APRIL 2018
11:00 New products, new potential
12:40 Reviewing the Berlin Declaration of the World Cocoa Conference 2018
This issue of the Bulletin contains the Secretariat’s revised forecasts for the 2017/2018 cocoa year as well as data for the past four years of production and grindings of cocoa beans, detailed by country. The main features of the global cocoa market are illustrated in colour charts. In addition, the Bulletin includes comments on crop and demand prospects in the leading countries for the current season, and a review of price developments on interna- tional markets for cocoa beans during the January-March quarter of 2018.
